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Food as vehicle for AMR

Abstract

Background

The pet industry is expanding worldwide, particularly raw meat-based diets (RMBDs). There are concerns regarding the safety of RMBDs, especially their potential to spread clinically relevant antibiotic-resistant bacteria or zoonotic pathogens.

Aim

We aimed to investigate whether dog food, including RMBD, commercially available in Portugal can be a source of and/or other strains resistant to last-line antibiotics such as colistin.

Methods

Fifty-five samples from 25 brands (21 international ones) of various dog food types from 12 suppliers were screened by standard cultural methods between September 2019 and January 2020. Isolates were characterised by phenotypic and genotypic methods, including whole genome sequencing and comparative genomics.

Results

Only RMBD batches were contaminated, with 10 of 14 containing polyclonal multidrug-resistant (MDR) and one MDR . One turkey-based sample contained MDR serotype 1,4,[5],12:i:- ST34/cgST142761 with similarity to human clinical isolates occurring worldwide. This exhibited typical antibiotic resistance ( +  +  + ) and metal tolerance profiles ( +  + ) associated with the European epidemic clone. Two samples (turkey/veal) carried globally dispersed MDR (ST3997-complexST10/cgST95899 and ST297/cgST138377) with colistin resistance (minimum inhibitory concentration: 4 mg/L) and gene on IncX4 plasmids, which were identical to other IncX4 circulating worldwide.

Conclusion

Some RMBDs from European brands available in Portugal can be a vehicle for clinically relevant MDR and pathogenic clones carrying genes encoding resistance to the last-line antibiotic colistin. Proactive actions within the One Health context, spanning regulatory, pet-food industry and consumer levels, are needed to mitigate these public health risks.

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2024-05-02
2024-12-21
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Raw meat-based diet for pets: a neglected source of human exposure to Salmonella and pathogenic Escherichia coli clones carrying mcr, Portugal, September 2019 to January 2020
<p class="citation"> <span>Citation style for this article:</span> <span class="meta-value authors"> <a href="/search?value1=Marisa+Ribeiro-Almeida&option1=author&noRedirect=true" class="nonDisambigAuthorLink">Ribeiro-Almeida Marisa</a>, <a href="/search?value1=Joana+Mour%C3%A3o&option1=author&noRedirect=true" class="nonDisambigAuthorLink">Mourão Joana</a>, <a href="/search?value1=Mafalda+Magalh%C3%A3es&option1=author&noRedirect=true" class="nonDisambigAuthorLink">Magalhães Mafalda</a>, <a href="/search?value1=Ana+R+Freitas&option1=author&noRedirect=true" class="nonDisambigAuthorLink">Freitas Ana R</a>, <a href="/search?value1=Carla+Novais&option1=author&noRedirect=true" class="nonDisambigAuthorLink">Novais Carla</a>, <a href="/search?value1=Lu%C3%ADsa+Peixe&option1=author&noRedirect=true" class="nonDisambigAuthorLink">Peixe Luísa</a>, <a href="/search?value1=Patr%C3%ADcia+Antunes&option1=author&noRedirect=true" class="nonDisambigAuthorLink">Antunes Patrícia</a></span>. Raw meat-based diet for pets: a neglected source of human exposure to Salmonella and pathogenic Escherichia coli clones carrying mcr, Portugal, September 2019 to January 2020. <a href="/content/ecdc">Euro Surveill.</a> 2024;29(18):pii=2300561. <a href="https://doi.org/10.2807/1560-7917.ES.2024.29.18.2300561" title="doi link" target="_blank">https://doi.org/10.2807/1560-7917.ES.2024.29.18.2300561</a> <span class="ES_Article_citation"> <span class="generated">Received</span>: 16 Oct 2023;&nbsp;&nbsp; <span class="generated">Accepted</span>: 04 Mar 2024 </span> </p>
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